First irrigation of mustard, When and how to do it? Complete information

Krishi Dunia

28 Nov, 2024 11:30 AM IST ,
Updated Thu, 28 Nov 2024 12:30 PM

Mustard farming holds an important place among oilseed crops in India, and it offers farmers a good opportunity for income. However, it is crucial to irrigate mustard at the right time and in the right way, as it directly impacts the health and yield of the crop.
The Indian Mustard Research Institute (SEVER, Bharatpur) has released useful advice for farmers on this topic. Let’s understand in detail the important aspects to consider when irrigating mustard.

When and How to Irrigate Mustard for the First Time:

While irrigating mustard for the first time, keep the following points in mind:

Check the Soil Moisture: Before starting irrigation, check the soil moisture up to a depth of 4-5 cm. If the soil contains sufficient moisture, irrigation is not required.
Avoid Over-Irrigation: Excessive irrigation can increase the risk of collar rot disease, which can severely damage the crop.
Timing Matters: The first irrigation should be done within 28-35 days of sowing. During this period, the plant's roots are strengthening, and providing the right amount of water will support their growth.

Symptoms of Wilting and Prevention Methods:

If the crop shows signs of wilting after irrigation, adopt the following measures:

Use Streptomycin and Carbendazim:

Streptomycin (200 ppm): Dissolve 200 mg of the drug in 1 liter of water and spray it on the infected plants.
Carbendazim (2% solution): Spraying carbendazim also helps in preventing wilting.

Spray on the Infected Areas: Make sure the spray covers the affected areas of the crop.

Collar Rot Disease: Symptoms and Prevention:

Collar rot, also known as stem rot, is a fungal disease that spreads under conditions of high temperature and excessive moisture in the soil.

Symptoms:

Decay of plant stems.
Dark green spots on leaves, which later turn white.
Wet spots on the fruits.
Wilting of the plants.

Prevention:

Maintain a balance in irrigation.
Ensure proper drainage in the soil.
Practice crop rotation in infected fields.

Correct Irrigation Sequence for Mustard Crop: The correct irrigation schedule is crucial for better mustard yield:

First Irrigation:
28-35 days after sowing, when the plants are in the flowering stage.
Second Irrigation:
During pod formation, around 70-80 days after sowing. If rainfall occurs in the winter season, the second irrigation may not be required.

Special Advice:

In case of water scarcity, perform irrigation once.
When using saline or alkaline water, mix gypsum and farmyard manure.

Advice from the Mustard Research Institute: The Indian Mustard Research Institute advises farmers to contact the nearest Agricultural Science Center (KVK) or local agricultural officers for any issues or queries. Additionally, adopting new farming techniques and precautions can help farmers protect their crops from diseases and achieve better yields.

Conclusion: The timing and method of irrigation play a crucial role in the yield and quality of mustard crops. By following the advice of the Indian Mustard Research Institute, farmers can protect their crops from diseases and increase their profits. Making prompt decisions and staying vigilant are crucial for successful farming.